邳州市第二中学八年级英语学科导学案8A U4 Grammar
邳州市第二中学八年级英语学科导学案8A U4 Grammar八年级英语学科导学案
课题(内容)：8A Unit4 Do it yourself Grammar课型：New课时：第4课时
设计：徐微 单位：邳州市第二中学
一、Teaching aims:
1、To learn to give instructions
2、To learn to use should & had better
二．Knowledge to prepare:
（一）将下列句子译成汉语。
1. Let’s go to the hall, Mum.
2. Wake up, Eddie!
3. Great! Let’s celebrate.
4. Let’s have a hamburger.
5. Let’s eat apples.
6. OK. Give me ten.
7. Let’s go to the supermarket.
8. Let’s go down here.
9. Don’t be afraid. Come with me.
10. Hurry up, Eddie.
11. Please bring me something to eat.
12. Let’s enjoy ourselves!
13. We had better go back to the station now, Ken.
14. I won't charge you this time. But you'd better not do it again!
15. Well, next time you'd better take my advice!
16. He suggested that a double railway tunnel should be built.
17. Of course, we should arrest him …
（二）句型转换。
1. Will you please read it again more slowly? (改为祈使句)
_______ again more slowly, please.
2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. (改为同义句)________ me, or I'll go.
3. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. (改为祈使句)
________ careless, please.
4. Please sit next to Nancy. (改为否定句) ________ next to Nancy.www.
三Teaching contents:
Step1 Giving instructions
We start a sentence with the base form of a verb when we want to tell people what to do.
We add do not/don’t in front of a verb when we want to tell people not to do something.
We often add please in a sentence to make an instruction more polite.
Look at the following sentences. Exercises
Step2 Generalize how to give instructions
Step3 Look at the pictures and help Millie complete the instructions on Page 47.
Step4 Using should and had better
We use should and had better when giving advice and telling people we think is the best or right thing to do. The tone of had better is strong than should.
Step5Work out the rule Generalize how to use should and had better
Step6 完成课本P.48的练习。
四．Knowledge carding
1. 祈使句的概念
祈使句表示请求、命令等。它的主语是you（听话人），通常不说出。祈使句肯定结构中的谓语动词一律用动词原形。祈使句末用惊叹号或句号，句子用降调。
2. 祈使句的结构
1) 祈使句的肯定结构
① Do型（以行为动词原形开头），例如：
Sit down!?坐下！ Stand up!?起立！
② Be型（以be开头），例如：
Be quiet!?安静！
Be careful！小心！
③ Let型（以let开头），例如：
Let me try. 让我试试看。
Let’s look at the map. 让我们看看地图。
● let’s是let us的简略式。
● 表示请求、劝告的祈使句还常常在句前或句末加上please, 构成句式：Please …或 …, please. 以使语气更加缓和或客气。例如：
Please stand up. 或
Stand up, please. 请站起来。
Please have a rest. 或
Have a rest, please. 请休息一下。
2) 祈使句的否定结构，一律在肯定结构前加 Do not (Don’t)。例如：
Don’t go there, please. 请别去那儿。
Don’t be late for class! 上课别迟到！
Don’t let him in. 不要让他进来。
注意：Let’s型祈使句，其否定式也可用
Let’s not …，例如：
Let’s not have rest. 咱们别休息了。
Let’s not sit here! 我们不要坐在这儿！
Should and had better
当我们给他人提建议时，可以用had better和should，表示“最好”或“应该”做某事， had better的语气比should强一些。
You had better refrigerate the beer before drinking it.
喝啤酒前你最好先把它冷冻一下。
You should exercise more.
你应该多锻炼。
had better (常简略为’d better)，是一固定词组，后面必须跟动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。构成：had better do sth. 句型。
You’d better go to hospital at once.
你最好立即去医院看病。
Tom, you’d better go there today.
汤姆，你最好今天去那儿。
had better 的否定式是将not直接放在had better的后面。
You had better not miss the last bus.
你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。
should 后面也要跟动词原形，且没有人称和数的变化。
You should stop smoking.
你应该戒烟。
should 的否定式是should not/shouldn’t。
You shouldn’t drink and drive.
你不应该喝酒后开车。
五、Compliance testing:
一)、 单项选择。
（ ）1. The TV is too loud. Please _______.
A. turn it down B. to turn it down C. turn down it D. to turn down it
（ ）2. _______ late again, Bill!
A. Don't to be B. Don't be C. Not be D. Be not
（ ）3. _______ cross the road until the traffic lights turn green.
A. Not B. Won't C. Doesn't D. Don't
（ ）4. _______ me the truth, or I'll be angry.
A. Telling B. To tell C. Told D. Tell
（ ）5. Kate,_______ your homework here tomorrow.
A. bring B. brings C. to bring D. bringing
（ ）6. You had better _______ on your coat.
A. to put B. putting C. to putting D. put
二）、请用合适的词填空
1. _____ go to the hall, Mum.
2. _____ up, Eddie!
3. Great! _____ celebrate.
4. _____ have a hamburger.
5. _____ eat apples.
6. OK. ____ me ten.
7. _____ go to the supermarket.
8. _____ go down here.
9. ________ afraid. Come with me.
10. ______ up, Eddie.
11. Please _____ me something to eat.
12. _____ enjoy ourselves!
13. We _________ go back to the station now, Ken.
14. I won't charge you this time. But you _________ not do it again!
15. Well, next time you _________ take my advice!
16. He suggested that a double railway tunnel ______ be built. 2-1-c-n-j-y
17. Of course, we ______ arrest him …
18. What ______ we do?
19. _____ them first.
20. You __________ get some tools.
21. ___ it yourself.
22. ____ it.
三）、完成句子。
1. 你应该在南京换火车。 __________ change trains at Nanjing.
2. 你最好在下雨前回家。 ___________________ before the rain starts.
3. 现在你最好别打棒球了。 _____________________ baseball now.
4. 不要把金鱼放在阳光下。 _________ the goldfish in the sun.
5. 你最好立即去医院看病。
6. 你最好不要错过末班公共汽车。
四）、句型转换：
1. Will you please read it again more slowly? (改为祈使句)
_______ again more slowly, please.
2. If you don't listen to me, I'll go. (改为同义句)
________ me, or I'll go.
3. The teachers often tell the students not to be careless. (改为祈使句)
________ careless, please.
4. Please sit next to Nancy. (改为否定句)
________ next to Nancy.
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